Which of the following strategies is effective in enhancing long-term knowledge retention?

Engaging with the material through various techniques is a highly effective strategy for enhancing long-term knowledge retention because it fosters deeper cognitive processing. This approach encourages students to interact with the material in multiple ways, such as through summarization, teaching others, applying concepts to real-life situations, and creating visual aids. These varied interactions help reinforce learning by connecting new information to existing knowledge and creating multiple pathways for retrieval.

Additionally, using different methods stimulates different areas of the brain, enhances motivation, and aids in the development of a more holistic understanding of the subject matter. Such active engagement ensures that concepts are not just memorized but understood, making it easier to recall information in the future.

In contrast, other strategies, such as making random notes, relying solely on verbal methods, or studying in a distracting environment, do not promote the same level of retention. Random notes may lack structure and coherence, verbal methods alone might not accommodate all learning styles, and distractions can hinder focus and inhibit the learning process.